Which term describes the struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources?

• A. Convergent evolution
• B. Evolution
• C. Genetic engineering
• D. Competition

Answer: (D)

In ecology, the struggle among organisms to obtain limited resources is described as competition. When food, water, shelter, or space are scarce, individuals or species vie for these resources to survive and reproduce, which can shape population sizes and how organisms use their environment. This interaction can happen within a single species or between different species, and over time it can lead to adaptations like resource partitioning and niche differentiation. Convergent evolution involves unrelated species developing similar traits due to similar environments, not the direct struggle for resources. Evolution is the broad process of genetic change over generations, and genetic engineering is the human-directed modification of genes.